First Shrine with Twin Figures

Similar to their patron orisha, Ere Ibeji are considered to be powerful, unpredictable, fearless spirits who bring affluence to those who revere them. Ere ibeji serve as vessels for the spirits of deceased twins prescribed by a babalawo, or ritual specialist. He then performs a ceremony in order to activate the statue, thus turning into a human. Statues must then be nurtured, clothed, and adorned with beads and jewelry to placate the spirit of the deceased. By doing so, privileges afforded the living twin are also shared by the deceased. Without proper care, there is the risk that the deceased feels neglected, thereby tempting the surviving twin to join him. This would ultimately bring shame and anxiety to the family. The human form is highly stylized with abstract features appropriated from earlier traditions of Benin and Ife brasses. The figures have columnar torsos, long arms, and convex chests that are paired with child-like facial proportions. This is done to allow an infant spirit to gradually transition into a mature adult – a highly desirable Yoruba trait. Other desirable traits include repetitive geometric patterning of the elaborate coiffure and base, large, protruding eyes with semi-open lids, and full, smiling mouths to reflect levity of spirit. These figures were rubbed with cam wood and ritually washed to maintain their spiritual power.

Source: Blackmun-Visona, Monica, et. al. A History of Art in Africa. 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson: Prentice Hall, 2008.